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Co-infection with HIV and Mycobacterium tuberculosis is common, particularly in the developing world. Tuberculosis (TB) is the commonest co-infection in HIV-positive individuals, who are at increased risk of both reactivation of latent infection and acquisition of new infection. As the degree of immunosuppression increases, the risks of developing TB disease also increase. The patho-physiology, clinical picture, differential diagnosis and diagnostic tests are discussed, together with the interactions between antiretroviral therapy and anti-tuberculous chemotherapy. Indications for chemoprophylaxis and vaccination against TB are reviewed.

Original publication

DOI

10.1258/0956462053057576

Type

Journal article

Journal

Int J STD AIDS

Publication Date

02/2005

Volume

16

Pages

95 - 100

Keywords

Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active, BCG Vaccine, Diagnosis, Differential, Disease Progression, HIV Infections, Humans, Sputum, Tuberculin Test, Tuberculosis