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The change in irradiance at dawn and dusk provides the primary cue for the entrainment of the mammalian circadian pacemaker. Irradiance detection has been ascribed largely to melanopsin-based phototransduction [1-5]. Here we examine the role of ultraviolet-sensitive (UVS) cones in the modulation of circadian behavior, sleep, and suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) electrical activity. UV light exposure leads to phase-shifting responses comparable to those of white light. Moreover, UV light exposure induces sleep in wild-type and melanopsin-deficient (Opn4(-/-)) mice with equal efficacy. Electrical recordings from the SCN of wild-type mice show that UV light elicits irradiance-dependent sustained responses that are similar to those induced by white light, with characteristic fast transient components occurring at the light transitions. These responses are retained in Opn4(-/-) mice and preserved under saturating photopic conditions. The sensitivity of phase-shifting responses to UV light is unaffected by the loss of rods but is severely attenuated by the additional loss of cones. Our data show that UVS cones play an important role in circadian and sleep regulation in mice.

Original publication

DOI

10.1016/j.cub.2012.05.032

Type

Journal article

Journal

Curr Biol

Publication Date

07/08/2012

Volume

22

Pages

1397 - 1402

Keywords

Animals, Circadian Rhythm, Male, Mice, Mice, Inbred C3H, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Knockout, Motor Activity, Retinal Cone Photoreceptor Cells, Rod Opsins, Sleep, Suprachiasmatic Nucleus, Ultraviolet Rays